CARS & STARS Online is a digital reading comprehension program that aligns with the Australian National Curriculum v9.0 for English. The twelve core reading comprehension strategies that underpin the entirety of the CARS & STARS Online program are all – explicitly or tacitly, directly or indirectly – concerned with the process of analysing and understanding texts better, creating readers and students whose depth of understanding and ability to process information, both in English and consequently as learners in all subjects, will be of benefit to them throughout their lives.

The following document is intended to illustrate the correlations between the approach taken in the CARS & STARS Online program and the Australian National Curriculum v9.0 for English (ACARA, 2022). It includes a list of the individual F–10 content descriptions that are most directly touched upon in the broad span of the CARS & STARS Online program. These curriculum content codes will be included in the Student Reading Strategy Analysis Reports for your quick reference.

However, it is important to always remember that because CARS & STARS Online is concerned with reading mastery and the gradual development of important reading skills from the very beginning of schooling it indirectly touches upon all aspects of English reading instruction as a matter of course across the whole program.

CARS & STARS Level AA – Foundation

1. Finding Main Idea

AC9EFLY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, and questioning to understand and discuss texts listened to, viewed, or read independently.
AC9EFLY01: Identifying the purpose of familiar texts such as stories and informative texts helps students to grasp the main idea.
AC9EFLE03: Recognising different types of literary texts and identifying their features aids in understanding the main idea through characters and events.

2. Finding Details

AC9EFLY05: Use comprehension strategies to understand and discuss texts.
AC9EFLY03: Identify some differences between imaginative and informative texts.
AC9EFLA07: Explore the contribution of images and words to meaning in stories and informative texts.

3. Putting Things in Order

AC9EFLA04: Understanding how books and simple digital texts are organised can help students put textual elements in logical order.
AC9EFLY05: Use comprehension strategies to understand and discuss texts.
AC9EFLY03: Identifying differences between imaginative and informative texts enables students to categorise and order information accordingly.

4. Understanding What Happens and Why

AC9EFLE02: Responding to stories and sharing thoughts about events and characters deepens understanding of narrative causality.
AC9EFLY05: Using comprehension strategies such as predicting and questioning aids in understanding and discussing texts, thus clarifying what happens and why.
AC9EFLA05: Recognise that sentences are key units for expressing ideas.

5. Making a Guess

AC9EFLY05: Predicting as a comprehension strategy directly involves making educated guesses about the content and developments in a text.

6. Figuring Things Out

AC9EFLY04: Reading texts using phonic knowledge and contextual clues helps students figure out words and meanings.
AC9EFLY15: Understanding that words can be made up of more than one meaningful part helps in decoding and figuring out complex vocabulary.
AC9EFLY05: Strategies such as visualising, questioning, and summarising help in deducing or interpreting information from the text.

CARS & STARS Level A – Year 1

1. Finding Main Idea

AC9E1LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, and questioning when listening, viewing, and reading to build literal and inferred meaning.
AC9E1LA03: Exploring how texts are organised according to purpose aids in identifying the main idea.
AC9E1LY01: Discussing different texts and identifying features that indicate their purposes helps understand the main idea.

2. Recalling Facts and Details

AC9E1LY05: Using comprehension strategies to recall facts and details in texts.
AC9E1LA09: Recognising vocabulary of learning area topics assists in recalling specific facts and details related to those topics.
AC9E1LE03: Discussing plot, character, and setting focuses on recalling details from stories.

3. Understanding Sequence

AC9E1LY05: Use comprehension strategies to build literal and inferred meaning, which includes understanding the sequence of events in a text.

4. Recognising Cause and Effect

AC9E1LA06: Understanding that a simple sentence represents a single event or idea aids in recognising cause and effect within simple narrative structures.
AC9E1LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as predicting to understand and discuss texts.
AC9E1LA03: Explore how texts are organised according to their purpose, such as to recount, narrate, express opinion, inform, report, and explain.
AC9E1LA02: Explore language to provide reasons for likes, dislikes and preferences.

5. Making Predictions

AC9E1LY05: Employing comprehension strategies such as predicting when listening, viewing, and reading enables making educated guesses about the content.

6. Finding Word Meaning in Context

AC9E1LA07: Understanding the roles of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs helps in finding word meanings in textual contexts.
AC9E1LY04: Monitoring meaning using context and grammatical knowledge aids in decoding word meanings.
AC9E1LA09: Recognise the vocabulary of learning area topics.

7. Drawing Conclusions and Making Inferences

AC9E1LY05: Using comprehension strategies to build literal and inferred meaning helps draw conclusions and make inferences about text content.

8. Reading Pictures

AC9E1LA08: Comparing how images contribute to meaning across different types of texts helps understand the additional narrative or informational value provided by visual elements.
AC9E1LA07: Explore the contribution of images and words to meaning in stories and informative texts.

CARS & STARS Level B – Year 2

1. Finding Main Idea

AC9E2LY05: Use comprehension strategies to build literal and inferred meaning.
AC9E2LA03: Identifying how texts are organised according to purpose aids in discerning the main idea.

2. Recalling Facts and Details

AC9E2LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning.
AC9E2LE03: Discuss the characters and settings of a range of texts and identify how language is used to present these features in different ways.

3. Understanding Sequence

AC9E2LA06: Understanding how ideas are connected in compound sentences helps in grasping the sequence of events or ideas in a text.
AC9E2LY05: Use comprehension strategies to understand and sequence events in a text.

4. Recognising Cause and Effect

AC9E2LA06: Understanding connections between ideas through compound sentences highlights cause and effect relationships.
AC9E2LY05: Use comprehension strategies to understand cause-and-effect relationships in texts.

5. Comparing and Contrasting

AC9E2LE03: Discussing how characters and settings are presented differently across texts involves comparing and contrasting.
AC9E2LY01: Identifying how similar topics are presented in different types of texts also aligns with comparing and contrasting.

6. Making Predictions

AC9E2LY05: Using strategies such as predicting when engaging with texts facilitates making educated guesses about the content.

7. Finding Word Meaning in Context

AC9E2LA07: Understanding how verbs and nouns can be expanded in sentences helps in finding word meanings in context.
AC9E2LA09: Experiment with and begin to make conscious choices of vocabulary to suit the topic.
AC9E2LY05: Use context and comprehension strategies to determine the meaning of words in a text.

8. Drawing Conclusions and Making Inferences

AC9E2LY05: Employing comprehension strategies to build inferred meaning supports drawing conclusions and making inferences.

9. Distinguishing Between Fact and Opinion

AC9E2LY03: Identifying the purpose and audience of texts helps in distinguishing between fact and opinion, especially in informative and persuasive texts.
AC9E2LA02: Explore how language can be used for appreciating texts and providing reasons for preferences, which aids in distinguishing opinions from facts.

10. Identifying Author's Purpose

AC9E2LY03: Identifying the purpose and audience of texts directly involves understanding the author’s intent.
AC9E2LA03: Identify how texts across the curriculum are organised differently and use language features depending on purposes.

11. Interpreting Figurative Language

AC9E2LA03: Identify how texts across the curriculum are organised differently and use language features depending on purposes.
AC9E2LE04: Identify, reproduce, and experiment with rhythmic sound and word patterns in poems, chants, rhymes, or songs, which introduces basic figurative language.
AC9E2LY04: Read texts with phrasing and fluency, using phonic and word knowledge, and monitoring meaning by re-reading and self-correcting.

12. Distinguishing Between Real and Make-believe

AC9E2LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning.
AC9E2LA03: Identify how texts across the curriculum are organised differently and use language features depending on purposes.
AC9E2LE02: Identify features of literary texts, such as characters and settings, and give reasons for personal preferences.

CARS & STARS Level C – Year 3

1. Finding Main Idea

AC9E3LY05: Use comprehension strategies to build literal and inferred meaning.

2. Recalling Facts and Details

AC9E3LY05: Use comprehension strategies to build literal meaning.

3. Understanding Sequence

AC9E3LY05: Use comprehension strategies to understand the sequence of events or ideas in texts.

4. Recognising Cause and Effect

AC9E3LY05: Use comprehension strategies to identify cause and effect relationships in texts.
AC9E3LE03: Discussing how settings and events influence the mood of the narrative helps identify cause and effect relationships in stories.

5. Comparing and Contrasting

AC9E3LY05: Use comprehension strategies to identify cause and effect relationships in texts.
AC9E3LE03: Exploring how authors portray characters and settings differently involves comparing and contrasting these elements across texts.

6. Making Predictions

AC9E3LY05: Using comprehension strategies to build inferred meaning includes making predictions about text developments.

7. Finding Word Meaning in Context

AC9E3LA10: Extend vocabulary and know that words can have different meanings in different contexts.

8. Drawing Conclusions and Making Inferences

AC9E3LY05: Use comprehension strategies to draw conclusions and make inferences.

9. Distinguishing Between Fact and Opinion

AC9E3LY03: Identifying the purpose and audience of texts through language features and images helps distinguish between factual and opinion-based content.
AC9E3LA02: Understand how the language of evaluation and emotion, such as modal verbs, can be varied to be more or less forceful

10. Identifying Author's Purpose

AC9E3LY03: Identifying the audience and purpose of various text types through their language and images directly involves understanding the author's intent.

11. Interpreting Figurative Language

AC9E3LE04: Discuss the effects of literary devices including figurative language to enhance meaning.

12. Distinguishing Between Real and Make-believe

AC9E3LE02: Discuss connections and distinctions between real experiences and narrative settings.
AC9E3LE03: Discussing how authors use language and illustrations to portray fictional settings and characters aids in distinguishing between real and make-believe elements.

CARS & STARS Level D – Year 4

1. Finding Main Idea

AC9E4LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning, to expand topic knowledge and ideas, and evaluate texts.
AC9E4LY03: Recognising the characteristic features used in different types of texts helps determine the main idea.

2. Recalling Facts and Details

AC9E4LA02: Distinguishing between subjective and objective language helps recall facts and identify opinions.
AC9E4LY03: Identify the characteristic features used in imaginative, informative, and persuasive texts to meet the purpose of the text.

3. Understanding Sequence

AC9E4LA04: Understanding how connectives and topic word associations sequence ideas assists in recognising the logical flow of information.
AC9E4LA06: Understanding complex sentences with subordinating conjunctions helps in grasping the sequence of events.
AC9E4LY05: Use comprehension strategies to build literal and inferred meaning, which includes understanding the sequence of events in a text.

4. Recognising Cause and Effect

AC9E4LY05: Use comprehension strategies to understand cause-and-effect relationships in texts.
AC9E4LA06: Knowing that complex sentences can establish causality helps identify cause-and-effect relationships.

5. Comparing and Contrasting

AC9E4LY01: Comparing texts from different times shows how depictions of similar events or themes vary.

6. Making Predictions

AC9E4LY05: Employing strategies like predicting when engaging with texts facilitates making educated guesses about content development.

7. Finding Word Meaning in Context

AC9E4LA11: Expanding vocabulary through synonyms and antonyms and encountering words in various sources aids in contextual understanding.
AC9E4LY04: Read different types of texts, integrating phonic, semantic and grammatical knowledge to read accurately and fluently, re-reading and self-correcting when needed.
AC9E4LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning, to expand topic knowledge and ideas, and evaluate texts.

8. Drawing Conclusions and Making Inferences

AC9E4LY05: Using comprehension strategies to build inferred meaning supports drawing conclusions and making inferences.

9. Distinguishing Between Fact and Opinion

AC9E4LA02: Identifying subjective language of opinion and objective language of factual reporting helps distinguish between fact and opinion.

10. Identifying Author's Purpose

AC9E4LY03: Identifying features of texts that meet specific purposes helps understand the author’s intent.

11. Interpreting Figurative Language

AC9E4LE04: Examining literary devices and word play in texts, including poetry, aids in interpreting figurative language and its impact.
AC9E4LE02: Describe the effects of text structures and language features in literary texts when responding to and sharing opinions

12. Summarising

AC9E4LY05: Employing strategies like summarising to analyse and consolidate information from texts aligns directly with the skill of summarising.

CARS & STARS Level E – Year 5

1. Finding Main Idea

AC9E5LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring, and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning to evaluate information and ideas.
AC9E5LA04: Understanding how the beginning of sentences or paragraphs can emphasise the main message aids in discerning the main idea.

2. Recalling Facts and Details

AC9E5LA06: Knowing how noun groups can be expanded to provide detailed descriptions assists in recalling specific facts and details.
AC9E5LY04: Navigating and reading texts for specific purposes, using strategies like skimming and scanning, helps in recalling facts and details.
AC9E5LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning to gather and evaluate information and ideas.

3. Understanding Sequence

AC9E5LA05: Understanding the structure of complex sentences, which includes dependent clauses, helps in comprehending sequences within texts.
AC9E5LA03: Describe how spoken, written and multimodal texts use language features and are typically organised into characteristic stages and phases, depending on purposes in texts.

4. Recognising Cause and Effect

AC9E5LA05: Understanding the structure of complex sentences and how dependent clauses can be used for effect helps recognise cause-and-effect relationships.
AC9E5LA06: Understand how texts can be made cohesive by using the starting point of a sentence or paragraph to give prominence to the message and to guide the reader through the text.

5. Comparing and Contrasting

AC9E5LY03: Explaining characteristic features of different text types shows how to compare and contrast these texts based on their intended purposes.
AC9E5LE04: Examining the effects of imagery, including simile, metaphor and personification, and sound devices in narratives, poetry and songs supports comparing and contrasting different perspectives within and between texts.

6. Making Predictions

AC9E5LY05: Employing comprehension strategies like predicting to engage with texts facilitates making educated guesses about future events or revelations.

7. Finding Word Meaning in Context

AC9E5LA08: Exploring how vocabulary, including technical terms, is used to express precision of meaning helps in understanding word meanings in various contexts.
AC9E5LY08: Using vocabulary knowledge, including phonic and morphemic knowledge, aligns with finding word meanings in context.

8. Drawing Conclusions and Making Inferences

AC9E5LY05: Using strategies to build inferred meaning supports drawing conclusions and making inferences about the content and implications of texts.

9. Distinguishing Between Fact and Opinion

AC9E5LA02: Understanding how to evaluate different ideas and opinions by considering authoritative sources aids in distinguishing between fact and opinion.
AC9E5LE02: Presenting opinions on literary texts using specific terms and reflecting on others' viewpoints further supports distinguishing between fact and opinion.

10. Identifying Author's Purpose

AC9E5LE03: Recognising how the point of view in a literary text influences interpretation directly supports identifying the author’s purpose.
AC9E5LY03: Explaining the features used in texts to meet their purposes helps identify the author’s intentions.

11. Interpreting Figurative Language

AC9E5LE04: Examining the effects of imagery and sound devices in texts helps in interpreting figurative language and understanding its impact on meaning.
AC9E5LA03: Describing how spoken, written and multimodal texts use language features and are typically organised into characteristic stages and phases, depending on purposes in texts.
AC9E5LE02: Present an opinion on a literary text using specific terms about literary devices, text structures and language features, and reflect on the viewpoints of others.

12. Summarising

AC9E5LY05: Using comprehension strategies like summarising to consolidate information and evaluate texts aligns with the skill of summarising.

CARS & STARS Level F – Year 6

1. Finding Main Idea

AC9E6LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring, and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning to analyse and evaluate information and ideas.
AC9E6LA03: Explaining how texts are organised into stages and phases depending on their purposes helps students identify the main idea.
AC9E6LY03: Analysing how text structures and language features work together to meet the purpose of a text aids in understanding the main idea.

2. Recalling Facts and Details

AC9E6LA07: Identifying how various elements like images and diagrams contribute to meaning helps in recalling facts and details.
AC9E6LY04: Selecting, navigating, and reading texts for various purposes, including monitoring meaning, helps in recalling specific details.

3. Understanding Sequence

AC9E6LY05: Use comprehension strategies to understand the sequence of events in a text.

4. Recognising Cause and Effect

AC9E6LA05: Understanding how complex sentences are constructed, particularly with embedded clauses, supports recognising cause-and-effect relationships within the text.
AC9E6LY03: Analysing how text structures and language features work together helps in identifying causal relationships within the text.

5. Comparing and Contrasting

AC9E6LE02: Identifying similarities and differences in texts on similar topics or themes is directly related to comparing and contrasting.
AC9E6LY05: Using comprehension strategies to connect and compare content from various sources supports comparing and contrasting.

6. Making Predictions

AC9E6LY05: Employing comprehension strategies such as predicting when engaging with texts facilitates making educated guesses about content developments.

7. Finding Word Meaning in Context

AC9E6LA08: Identifying the use of vivid and emotive vocabulary like metaphors and similes aids in understanding word meanings within their contexts.
AC9E6LY04: Select, navigate and read texts for a range of purposes, monitoring meaning and evaluating the use of structural features helps with understanding word meanings within specific contexts.

8. Drawing Conclusions and Making Inferences

AC9E6LY05: Using strategies to build inferred meaning supports drawing conclusions and making inferences about the text.
AC9E6LY03: Analysing how text structures and language features work together to meet the purpose of a text helps to draw conclusions and make inferences.

9. Distinguishing Between Fact and Opinion

AC9E6LA02: Understanding the uses of objective and subjective language and identifying bias helps distinguish between fact and opinion.

10. Identifying Author's Purpose

AC9E6LY03: Analysing how text structures and language features engage and influence audiences supports understanding the author's intent.
AC9E6LY04: select, navigate and read texts for a range of purposes, monitoring meaning and evaluating the use of structural features helps in identifying the author's purpose.

11. Interpreting Figurative Language

AC9E6LA08: Identifying authors’ use of vivid, emotive vocabulary, such as metaphors, similes, personification, idioms, imagery and hyperbole.

12. Summarising

AC9E6LY05: Employing strategies like summarising to consolidate information from texts helps students condense and articulate the main ideas and supporting details of a text.

CARS & STARS Level G – Year 7

1. Finding Main Idea

AC9E7LA04: Understanding cohesion devices that signal the structure and guide readers helps in recognising the main idea.
AC9E7LY05: Using comprehension strategies like summarising and connecting to analyse information supports finding the main idea.
AC9E7LA03: Identifying how texts are structured differently based on their purpose assists in determining the main idea.

2. Recalling Facts and Details

AC9E7LA02: Recognising language used to evaluate texts and substantiating those evaluations with references aids in recalling facts and details.
AC9E7LA05: Understand how complex and compound-complex sentences can be used to elaborate, extend and explain ideas aids in recalling facts and details.

3. Understanding Sequence

AC9E7LY04: Explaining structures such as chronology enhances understanding of sequences within texts.
AC9E7LA04: Understand that the cohesion of texts relies on devices that signal structure and guide readers, such as overviews and initial and concluding paragraphs.

4. Recognising Cause and Effect

AC9E7LY04: Explaining the use of cause and effect in structuring ideas assists in recognising cause-and-effect relationships.
AC9E7LA05: Understanding how complex and compound-complex sentences elaborate and extend ideas also supports identifying cause-and-effect relationships.

5. Comparing and Contrasting

AC9E7LE02: Forming and justifying opinions about characters and events, and identifying agreements and differences enables comparing and contrasting.
AC9E7LE05: Identifying and explaining how characters, settings, and events combine to create meaning supports comparing and contrasting elements within and across texts.

6. Making Predictions

AC9E7LY05: Using comprehension strategies such as predicting helps make educated guesses about text developments.

7. Finding Word Meaning in Context

AC9E7LA08: Investigating vocabulary's role in conveying specific knowledge aids in finding word meaning in context.

8. Drawing Conclusions and Making Inferences

AC9E7LY05: Employing strategies to build inferred meaning supports drawing conclusions and making inferences.
AC9E7LE06: Identifying and explaining how literary devices create layers of meaning helps in drawing deeper inferences from the text.

9. Distinguishing Between Fact and Opinion

AC9E7LA02: Recognising evaluative language and understanding how evaluations can be substantiated helps distinguish between fact and opinion.
AC9E7LE03: Explaining how language features influence emotions and opinions helps in differentiating fact from opinion within the text.

10. Identifying Author's Purpose

AC9E7LY03: Analysing how language features shape meaning and vary by audience and purpose aids in identifying the author's purpose.
AC9E7LA03: Describing how texts are structured to achieve their purpose aligns with identifying the author’s purpose.

11. Interpreting Figurative Language

AC9E7LE06: Identifying and explaining the use of literary devices that create layers of meaning in texts, including poetry, assists in interpreting figurative language.
AC9E7LE03: Explaining how dialogue and other language features influence opinions and emotions also supports this strategy.

12. Summarising

AC9E7LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring and questioning to build literal and inferred meaning, and to connect and compare content.

CARS & STARS Level H – Year 8

1. Finding Main Idea

AC9E8LY04: Analysing how authors organise ideas to develop and shape meaning helps in understanding the main theme or central message.
AC9E8LY05: Use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising, monitoring, questioning, and inferring to interpret and evaluate ideas in texts.
AC9E8LA03: Explaining how texts are structured based on their purpose assists in identifying the main idea.

2. Recalling Facts and Details

AC9E8LA04: Understanding how examples, quotations, and substantiation of claims enhance cohesion and provide detailed information supports the strategy of recalling facts and details.
AC9E8LA05: Examining a variety of clause structures including embedded clauses that add information and expand ideas in sentences directly relates to recalling facts and details.

3. Understanding Sequence

AC9E8LA04: Understanding how cohesion in texts is improved by strengthening the internal structure of paragraphs helps in understanding the sequence of ideas.
AC9E8LA05: Examining a variety of clause structures, including embedded clauses that add information, helps in understanding the sequence of ideas within sentences and across paragraphs.
AC9E8LY04: Analysing how authors organise ideas helps in understanding the overall sequence and flow of the text.

4. Recognising Cause and Effect

AC9E8LA05: Examining clause structures that expand ideas in sentences assists in identifying cause-and-effect relationships within the text.
AC9E8LY05: Use comprehension strategies monitoring, questioning and inferring to interpret and evaluate ideas in texts supports recognising cause-and-effect relationships
AC9E8LY04: Analyse how authors organise ideas to develop and shape meaning by exploring texts that structure ideas according to proposition and support, cause and effect, and compare and contrast, and determine their effectiveness.

5. Comparing and Contrasting

AC9E8LE02: Sharing opinions about different literary devices and text structures used in literary texts facilitates comparing and contrasting these elements.
AC9E8LY03: Analysing how language features vary according to purpose and audience supports comparing and contrasting different texts or sections within a text.
AC9E8LY04: Analyse how authors organise ideas to develop and shape meaning by exploring texts that structure ideas according to proposition and support, cause and effect, and compare and contrast.

6. Making Predictions

AC9E8LY05: Using strategies such as predicting to interpret and evaluate ideas in texts helps in making educated guesses about text developments.

7. Finding Word Meaning in Context

AC9E8LA08: Identifying and using vocabulary typical of particular texts aligns with the idea of understanding word meanings within specific contexts.

8. Drawing Conclusions and Making Inferences

AC9E8LY05: Employing strategies like inferring supports drawing conclusions and making inferences based on the information and ideas presented in the texts.

9. Distinguishing Between Fact and Opinion

AC9E8LY03: Analysing how language features and quotations are used according to the purpose and audience of the text helps distinguish between factual and opinion-based content.
AC9E8LA02: Understanding how layers of meaning can be created using literary devices supports distinguishing between fact and opinion, especially when evaluating texts.

10. Identifying Author's Purpose

AC9E8LY03: Evaluating the ways language features are used according to the purpose and audience also supports understanding the author’s intent.

11. Interpreting Figurative Language

AC9E8LA02: Understanding the use of literary devices such as similes and metaphors in creating layers of meaning enhances the interpretation of figurative language.
AC9E8LE05: Analysing how literary devices like imagery create meaning and effect directly aligns with this strategy.

12. Summarising

AC9E8LY05: Using comprehension strategies such as summarising to consolidate and evaluate information and ideas from texts aligns with the skill of effectively summarising content.